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Machining Processes - Surface Grinding
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The most common form of surface grinding sees a horizontally mounted grinding wheel traversed back and forth across a surface being ground to machine it flat and impart a fine surface finish. Fine dimensional tolerances can be achieved along with the ability to produce a very fine surface finish. Through the use of small cuts and coolant, very little distortion of the work piece occurs. The other significant advantage of the surface grinding process are the ability to machine hard materials. Variation on types of machining operation with this common type of machine include plunge cutting and using the side of the wheel to grind internal and external walls and shoulders.
Examples of grinding operations are: Flattening and sizing of plates, grinding drive keys to size, grinding surfaces of hardened dies and punches, grinding large keyways to size, grinding die inserts to size after hardening, and grinding shims to the correct thickness. Wheels can also be dressed into accurate shapes for grinding gear teeth and V grooves.
Other variations on this common type of machine include the vertically mounted grinding wheel and the use of rotary tables in place of the conventional reciprocating table.
With the vertically mounted grinding wheel, the cutting action is similar to face-milling as used in a conventional milling machine. Using this type of machine, a larger cutting area is possible resulting in faster removal rates while achieving a similar accuracy to the horizontally mounted wheel. With this type of machine, the periphery of the wheel is often used for grinding internal and external vertical walls and shoulders.
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