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Cold Forming - Swaging
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Swaging is a metal forming process that is used to reduce or increase the diameter of tubes and/or rods.
This is done by placing the tube or rod inside a die that applies compressive force by hammering radially. This can be further expanded by placing a mandrel inside the tube and applying radial compressive forces on the outer diameter. Thus, the inner diameter can be a different shape, for example a hexagon, and the outer is still circular.
Some examples of where swaging is used are increasing the diameter of tubes prior to joining (eg. copper gas pipes), swaging or crimping of hydraulic fittings onto a hose and the swaging of high pressure tubes to form oxy and acetylene bottles.
Swaging can also be performed hot and is considered more of a hot forging process than a cold working process.
A form of swaging can also be used to manufacture small diameter pins. For small parts and pin swaging, the swaging process, squeezes and
shapes cold metal into pin-shaped, small metal parts. It's a continuous
operation where the small metal part, in various progressively
developed stages, becomes its own carrying strip. After the last die
station, the small metal part is separated from the carrying strip, or
lap, and ejected from the machine.
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