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Welding and Joining Processes - Spot Welding
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Spot welding is a process typically used to join sheetmetal components. 2 copper electrodes are clamped either side of the ‘spot’ to be joined. A current is passed through the electrodes and the resistance of the metal being welded causes it to melt in a small, localized area between the 2 electrodes. The melting of the metal and the pressure applied by the electrodes creates a small spot weld with excellent strength.
Many different types of materials can be spot welded including aluminium, titanium, copper, tin, lead and alloys. But the most common use for spot welding is the joining of steel sheets or formed components. The most well known application for spot welding is the assembly of automotive body panels and other components.
Spot welders come in a variety of configurations from heavy, industrial models to small units for delicate work. Spot welding is well suited to automation and in automotive assembly plants you will typically find spot welders operated by robots.
The shape of the electrodes can also be shaped to impart a desired weld geometry. For welds that do not have access for electrodes either side of the joint, single sided spot welders are also available but these do not provide the useful clamping force between the electrodes.
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